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Research and Development MethodsLaajuus (5 cr)

Study unit code: R0184

Credits

5 op

Teaching language

  • Finnish

Responsible person

  • Irene Pylkkänen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Enrollment

04.04.2022 - 10.04.2022

Timing

03.05.2022 - 21.06.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Palveluliiketoiminnan koulutus (MLA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Liiketalouden koulutus (HLY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Turvallisuuden ja riskienhallinnan koulutus (HTA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Tietojenkäsittelyn koulutus (NTY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Katja Henttonen
  • Marjaana Ajanto
Teacher in charge

Katja Henttonen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

The implementation plan is available in Finnish.

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

04.04.2022 - 24.04.2022

Timing

01.05.2022 - 31.08.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Unit

Korkeakouluyksikkö D, Verkkokampus

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Fysioterapeuttikoulutus (SFG2), Laurea Otaniemi (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus, rikosseuraamusala (SRV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Pauliina Partanen
  • Anja Mertanen
Teacher in charge

Pauliina Partanen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

04.04.2022 - 24.04.2022

Timing

01.05.2022 - 31.08.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Fysioterapeuttikoulutus (SFG2), Laurea Otaniemi (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus, rikosseuraamusala (SRV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Heidi Leinonen
  • Tiina Putkuri
  • Pia Lahtinen
Teacher in charge

Pia Lahtinen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 15.12.2021

Timing

14.03.2022 - 05.06.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

1 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

80 % Contact teaching, 20 % Distance learning

Unit

Laurea Tikkurila, sote

Campus

Laurea Tikkurila

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 50

Degree programmes
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Jyrki Innanen
  • Henna Jalasmäki
Teacher in charge

Henna Jalasmäki

Groups
  • SSV220SN
    Sosionomikoulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Tikkurila

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

07.02.2022 - 28.02.2022

Timing

01.03.2022 - 30.06.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Unit

Korkeakouluyksikkö D, Verkkokampus, liko

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Palveluliiketoiminnan koulutus (MLA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Liiketalouden koulutus (HLY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Turvallisuuden ja riskienhallinnan koulutus (HTA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Tietojenkäsittelyn koulutus (NTY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Marjaana Ajanto
  • Laura Salmi
Teacher in charge

Laura Salmi

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

The implementation plan is available in Finnish.

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

07.02.2022 - 28.02.2022

Timing

01.03.2022 - 30.06.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Fysioterapeuttikoulutus (SFG2), Laurea Otaniemi (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus, rikosseuraamusala (SRV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Pauliina Partanen
  • Kaarina Murtola
Teacher in charge

Pauliina Partanen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 15.12.2021

Timing

01.02.2022 - 30.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Palveluliiketoiminnan koulutus (MLA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Turvallisuuden ja riskienhallinnan koulutus (HTA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Liiketalouden koulutus (HLY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Tietojenkäsittelyn koulutus (NTY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Juha Putkonen
  • Veli Sulkava
Teacher in charge

Juha Putkonen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

25.01.2022 - 26.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

RDI proportion

3 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Laurea Leppävaara, service

Campus

Laurea Leppävaara

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Palveluelämysten tuottaminen ja kehittäminen (MSA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Leila Jaakkola
  • Mervi Niemelä
Teacher in charge

Mervi Niemelä

Groups
  • MSA220SN
    Palveluelämysten tuottaminen ja kehittäminen, päivätoteutus, S20, Leppävaara

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

Approved/Failed

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 02.01.2022

Timing

18.01.2022 - 31.03.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Laurea Tikkurila, sote

Campus

Laurea Tikkurila

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Marja Vellonen
Teacher in charge

Marja Vellonen

Groups
  • STV220KN
    Terveydenhoitajakoulutus, päivätoteutus, K20, Tikkurila

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

13.01.2022 - 20.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Laurea Tikkurila, service

Campus

Laurea Tikkurila

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 45

Degree programmes
  • Kauneudenhoitoalan koulutus (SKV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Sari Viitala
  • Nina Lahtinen
Teacher in charge

Nina Lahtinen

Groups
  • PKV220SN
    Kauneudenhoito- ja kosmetiikka-alan koulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Tikkurila

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

The implementation plan is available in Finnish.

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

12.01.2022 - 23.03.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

1 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

80 % Contact teaching, 20 % Distance learning

Unit

Laurea Tikkurila, liko

Campus

Laurea Tikkurila

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 50

Degree programmes
  • Liiketalouden koulutus (HLV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Jyrki Innanen
  • Kari Halme
Teacher in charge

Kari Halme

Groups
  • HLV220SN
    Liiketalouden koulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Tikkurila

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

10.01.2022 - 14.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Unit

Laurea Leppävaara, liko

Campus

Laurea Leppävaara

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Liiketalouden koulutus (HLA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Laura Salmi
Teacher in charge

Laura Salmi

Groups
  • HLA220SN
    Liiketalouden koulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Leppävaara

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

The implementation plan is available in Finnish.

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

10.01.2022 - 30.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Unit

Korkeakouluyksikkö D, Verkkokampus, sote

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 100

Degree programmes
  • Fysioterapeuttikoulutus (SFG2), Laurea Otaniemi (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSD2), Laurea Verkkokampus
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus, rikosseuraamusala (SRV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Minna Nikula
  • Pia Lahtinen
Teacher in charge

Minna Nikula

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

The implementation plan is available in Finnish.

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 10.01.2022

Timing

10.01.2022 - 25.03.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Fysioterapeuttikoulutus (SFG2), Laurea Otaniemi (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus, rikosseuraamusala (SRV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Jyrki Innanen
  • Henna Jalasmäki
Teacher in charge

Henna Jalasmäki

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

01.01.2022 - 31.07.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

1 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

80 % Contact teaching, 20 % Distance learning

Unit

Laurea Tikkurila, sote

Campus

Laurea Tikkurila

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Pamela Jokisalo
  • Kirsi Ronkainen
Teacher in charge

Kirsi Ronkainen

Groups
  • SHV220SN2
    Sairaanhoitajakoulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Tikkurila, ryhmä 2

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

01.01.2022 - 31.07.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Laurea Leppävaara, service

Campus

Laurea Leppävaara

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 50

Degree programmes
  • Turvallisuuden ja riskienhallinnan koulutus (HTA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Timo Savolainen
  • Eveliina Hytönen
Teacher in charge

Timo Savolainen

Groups
  • HTA220SN
    Turvallisuuden ja riskienhallinnan koulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Leppävaara

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

Students in HTA220SN Safety, Security and Risk Management training enroll for this online implementation. ZOOM is used as the network platform if needed. The language of teaching is Finnish.

Grading scale

Approved/Failed

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 07.01.2022

Timing

01.01.2022 - 15.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Fysioterapeuttikoulutus (SFG2), Laurea Otaniemi (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Terveydenhoitajakoulutus (STY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Sosionomikoulutus, rikosseuraamusala (SRV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Helena Launiainen
  • Heidi Leinonen
  • Tiina Putkuri
  • Katja Tikkanen
Teacher in charge

Heidi Leinonen

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Teaching methods

The implementation plan is available in Finnish.

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

01.01.2022 - 31.07.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

1 op

RDI proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

80 % Contact teaching, 20 % Distance learning

Unit

Laurea Tikkurila, sote

Campus

Laurea Tikkurila

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHV2), Laurea Tikkurila (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Pamela Jokisalo
  • Kirsi Ronkainen
Teacher in charge

Kirsi Ronkainen

Groups
  • SHV220SN
    Sairaanhoitajakoulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Tikkurila

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 15.12.2021

Timing

01.01.2022 - 30.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

5 op

Mode of delivery

Distance learning

Campus

Laurea Virtual Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

80 - 120

Degree programmes
  • Palveluliiketoiminnan koulutus (MLA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Liiketalouden koulutus (HLY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
  • Turvallisuuden ja riskienhallinnan koulutus (HTA2), Laurea Leppävaara (Finnish)
  • Tietojenkäsittelyn koulutus (NTY2), Laurea yhteinen (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Jatta Jännäri
  • Kaarina Murtola
Teacher in charge

Jatta Jännäri

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

01.01.2022 - 30.04.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Virtual proportion

2 op

Mode of delivery

60 % Contact teaching, 40 % Distance learning

Unit

Laurea Hyvinkää, sote

Campus

Laurea Hyvinkää

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Sosionomikoulutus (SSB2), Laurea Hyvinkää (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Pauliina Partanen
  • Anja Mertanen
Teacher in charge

Pauliina Partanen

Groups
  • SSB221KN
    Sosionomikoulutus, päivätoteutus, K21, Hyvinkää

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5

Enrollment

29.11.2021 - 05.12.2021

Timing

01.01.2022 - 31.07.2022

Number of ECTS credits allocated

5 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Laurea Hyvinkää, sote

Campus

Laurea Hyvinkää

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

20 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Sairaanhoitajakoulutus (SHB2), Laurea Hyvinkää (Finnish)
Teachers
  • Minna Pulli
  • Elina Pajakoski
  • Anja Mertanen
Teacher in charge

Minna Pulli

Groups
  • SHB220SN
    Sairaanhoitajakoulutus, päivätoteutus, S20, Hyvinkää

Learning outcomes

The student is able to
- choose appropriate methods for a development project and provide justification for the choices
- collect and analyse empirical data
- interpret empirical results and make conclusions based on them
- recognize the ethical point of view of the research and development work
- evaluate the reliability and validity of research
- apply the principles of research communication orally and in writing
- draw up and interpret research and development reports

Grading scale

H-5